Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia has also been linked to fatigue, sleep problems, headaches, depression, and anxiety.
Fibromyalgia affects two to five per cent of the population, mainly women, although men and adolescents can also develop the condition. It tends to develop during middle adulthood.
What are the symptoms of Fibromyalgia?
Pain in the main symptom of fibromyalgia. It may be mild to severe. Painful areas are called tender points. Tender points are found in the soft tissue on the back of the neck, shoulders, chest, lower back, hips, shins, elbows, and knees. The pain then spreads out from these areas. The pain may feel like a deep ache, or a shooting, burning pain. The joints are not affected, although the pain may feel like it is coming from the joints. People with fibromyalgia tend to wake up with body aches and stiffness. For some patients, pain improves during the day and gets worse at night. Some patients have pain all day long. Pain may get worse with activity, cold or damp weather, anxiety, and stress. Fatigue, depressed mood, and sleep problems are seen in almost all patients with fibromyalgia. Many say that they can't get to sleep or stay asleep, and they feel tired when they wake up.
What causes Fibromyalgia?
The cause is unknown. Possible causes or triggers of fibromyalgia include: Physical or emotional trauma
- Abnormal pain response - areas in the brain that are responsible for pain may react differently in fibromyalgia patients
- Sleep disturbances
- Infection, such as a virus, although none has been identified
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with fibromyalgia, you must have had at least 3 months of widespread pain, and pain and tenderness in at least 11 of 18 areas, including :
- Arms (elbows)
- Buttocks
- Chest
- Knees
- Lower back
- Neck
- Rib cage
- Shoulders
- Thighs
Blood and urine tests are usually normal. However, tests may be done to rule out other conditions that may have similar symptoms.
Treatment options
The goal of treatment is to help relieve pain and other symptoms, and to help a person cope with the symptoms. The first type of treatment may involve:
- Physical therapy
- Exercise and fitness program
- Stress-relief methods, including light massage and relaxation techniques
If these treatments do not work, your doctor may prescribe an antidepressant or muscle relaxant. The goal of medication is to improve sleep and pain tolerance. Medicine should be used along with exercise and behavior therapy. Duloxetine (Cymbalta), pregabalin (Lyrica), and milnacipran (Savella) are medications that are approved specifically for treating fibromyalgia. However, many other drugs are also used to treat the condition, including:
- Anti-seizure drugs
- Other antidepressants
- Muscle relaxants
- Pain relievers
- Sleeping aids
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is an important part of treatment. This therapy helps you learn how to:
- Deal with negative thoughts
- Keep a diary of pain and symptoms
- Recognize what makes your symptoms worse
- Seek out enjoyable activities
- Set limits
Other recommendations include:
- Eat a well-balanced diet
- Avoid caffeine
- Practice good sleep routines to improve quality of sleep (See: Sleeping difficulty)
- Acupressure and acunpuncture
Severe cases of fibromyalgia may require a referral to a pain clinic.
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Fibromyalgia is a long-term disorder. Sometimes, the symptoms improve. Other times, the pain may get worse and continue for months or years.
When to seek urgent medical care?
- Links
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibromyalgia
- Relevant Occupations
- Rheumatologist
- Dr Barbara True (Rheumatologist)
- Dr Kathleen Tymms (Rheumatologist)
- Dr Hanish Bagga (Rheumatologist)
- Dr Chin Ng (Rheumatologist)
- Dr David Kandiah (Rheumatologist)
- Dr Bain Shenstone (Rheumatologist)
- Dr Graham Exelby (GP)
- Dr Farshad Ghazanfari (General Physician)
- Dr Kate McDonald (GP)
- Assoc Prof Mark Arnold (Rheumatologist)
- … further results
